The Healthy Pastoral Leader

By: Author Unknown

In his research of leaders, both historical and contemporary, author Robert Clinton found that few leaders actually finish the race well. His two books, The Making of a Leader (NavPress) and The Mentor Handbook (Barnabas), explain that finishing well could be defined as a life that until its end is increasingly more in love with Christ, more committed to His service and more devoted to godly leadership.
What causes a leader to continue to grow, to stay on track and to finish well in life and ministry?

Five Habits of effectiveness. Effective leaders learn to become intentional about their character growth and formation. In this development of a leader we can make three general observations:

1. God develops a leader over a lifetime;
2. God uses people, circumstances and ministry assignments to shape the life of a leader; and
3. Leadership plateau is often indicative of a growth issue within a leader's life.
To help us become more intentional about our health as leaders, let's explore five insights from leaders who have finished well.

1. Healthy leaders are lifelong learners. Leaders pursue three types of training: personal training, (personal growth, projects, personal research); informal training (workshops, seminars, conferences); and formal training (continuing education, degree programs).

2. Healthy leaders are committed to serve and develop others. Be alert to potential leaders in your sphere of influence (II Cor. 1:3-4; II Tim. 2:2).

3. Healthy leaders have a dynamic view of life and ministry. There are three key elements to a personal mission statement - biblical purpose, values and vision.

4. Healthy leaders experience repeated times of renewal. Effective, godly leaders develop intimacy with God, which in turn overflows into all areas of their ministry. The essential ingredient of leadership is the powerful presence of God in a leader's life and ministry. Leaders incorporate the spiritual disciplines into their walk.

5. Healthy leaders have a life perspective. God brings along many destiny experiences to shape a leader's ministry. Leaders manifest a growing awareness of their sense of destiny.

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Awards and Honors to the Dalai Lama

The Congressional Gold Medal awarded to the Dalai Lama in 2006

The Dalai Lama has received numerous awards over his spiritual and political career. On 22 June 2006, he became one of only four people ever to be recognized with Honorary Citizenship by the Governor General of Canada. On 28 May 2005, he received the Christmas Humphreys Award from the Buddhist Society in the United Kingdom. Most notable was the Nobel Peace Prize, presented in Oslo on 10 December 1989 (see below).

Other notable awards and honors include:
• Honorary citizenship of Paris on 7 June 2009
• German Media Prize Berlin on 10 February 2009
• Honorary citizenship of Italy in Venice on 10 February 2009
• Honorary citizenship of Rome on 10 February 2009
• Honorary Doctoral Degree from Jagiellonian University on 8 December 2008
• Honorary Degree from Lehigh University on 13 July 2008
• Honorary citizenship of Wrocław,[129] voted 24 June 2008
• Honorary Doctoral Degree of Philosophy from London's Metropolitan

University on 21 May 2008

• Honorary citizenship of Paris,[132] voted 21 April 2008, the same day as Hu Jia
• Honorary Degree of Doctor of Humane Letter from the University of Washington in April 2008
• Inaugural Hofstra University Guru Nanak Interfaith Prize on 24 March 2008
• Honorary Doctorate in chemistry and pharmacy from University of Münster on 20 September 2007
• Honorary Doctorate from Southern Cross University on 8 June 2007
• Presidential Distinguished Professorship from Emory University in February 2007
• Honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters conferred by the State University of New York at Buffalo in September 2006
• Honorary citizenship of Canada in 2006
• Honorary citizenship of Ukraine, during the anniversary of the Nobel Prize on 9 December 2006 in Mc Leod Ganj.
• United States Congressional Gold Medal on 27 September 2006
• Key to New York City from Mayor Bloomberg on 25 September 2005
• Honorary Doctoral Degree of Philosophy from University of Tartu, Estonia on 27 May 2005
• Honorary Doctor of Laws from the University of British Columbia on 19 April, 2004
• Honorary Fellowship of Liverpool John Moores University 27 May 2004
• Jaime Brunet Prize for Human Rights on 9 October 2003
• International League for Human Rights Award on 19 September 2003
• Honorary Doctoral Degree from University of San Francisco on 5 September 2003
• Life Achievement Award from Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization on 24 November 1999
• Four Freedoms Award from the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute on 4 June 1994
• World Security Annual Peace Award from the Lawyers Alliance for New York on 27 April 1994
• Berkeley Medal from University of California, Berkeley, on 20 April 1994
• Peace and Unity Awards from the National Peace conference on 23 August 1991
• Earth Prize from the United Earth and U.N. Environmental Program on 5 June 1991
• Advancing Human Liberty from the Freedom House on 17 April 1991
• Le Prix de la Memoire from the Fondation Danielle Mitterrand on 4 December 1989
• Raoul Wallenberg Human Rights Award (or Raoul Wallenberg Congressional Human Rights Award) from the Congressional Human Rights Caucus on 21 July 1989
• Key to Los Angeles from Mayor Bradley in September 1979
• Key to San Francisco from Mayor Feinstein on 27 September 1979

Nobel Peace Prize

On 10 December 1989 the Dalai Lama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The committee recognized his efforts in "the struggle of the liberation of Tibet and the efforts for a peaceful resolution instead of using violence." The chairman of the Nobel committee said that the award was "in part a tribute to the memory of Mahatma Gandhi." In his acceptance speech the Dalai Lama criticized China for using force against student protesters during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. He said their efforts were not in vain. His speech focused on the importance of the continued use of non-violence and his desire to maintain a dialogue with China to try and resolve the situation.

1. Reign- 17 November 1950 – present
2. Predecessor- Thubten Gyatso
3. Tibetan བསྟན་འཛིན་རྒྱ་མཚོ
4. Wylie bstan ’dzin rgya mtsho
5. Pronounciation tɛ̃tsĩ catsʰo (IPA)
6. Transcription
7. (PRC) Dainzin Gyaco
8. TDHL Tenzin Gyatso
9. Chinese 丹增嘉措
10. Pinyin Dānzēng Jiācuò
11. Father- Choekyong Tsering
12. Mother- Diki Tsering
13. Born- 6 July 1935 (1935-07-06) (age 74)
14. Taktser, Qinghai (previously, Amdo, Tibet)

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US President John F. Kennedy-a Chanchin Tawi

US President-te zinga a naupang ber chu Theodore Roosevelt-a kha a ni a, a dawttu chu John F. Kennedy-a hi a ni. Mi tam zawk chuan JFK tiin an hre lar hle a, kum 1961 khan President nihna a chelh tan a, a term khat pawh a chelh zawh hmain thah a ni a, US mipuite chuan an uiin an sun nasa hle a ni.

Kum 1917 May Ni 29 khan Massachusetts state, Brookline-ah a piang a, a naupan lai chuan John Fitzgerald “Jack” Kennedy tiin an ko thin. Khawvel Indopui II-na khan sipaia tang ve in, South Pacific inbeihnaah Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 commander a ni a, chumi hnu chuan pawlitik lamah a zuangkai ve ta a.

A pa, Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., a pawh hi Democrat pachal dik tak a ni ve a, party tan thahnemngai em em mai a ni. A pa duhsakna leh kaihruainain Massachusetts state congressional district 11 atanga US House of Representatives-a thlan a ni a, 1947-1953 thleng khan chu hna chu a tawk a, 1953-1960 thleng khan US Senate nihna a chelh bawk a ni.

Kum 1960-a US Presidential Election khan Republican candidate Richard Nixon-a chu a hneh ta a, US histawriah President hmingthang tak a lo ni ta a ni. US President-te zingah chuan Kennedy-a hi Roman Catholic President thlan hmasak ber a ni a, kum 43 leka White House Office a luah avangin mi tam takin an lawm hle a ni. US President-te zingah chuan amah chauh hian Pulitzer Prize a dawng a, the Bay of Pigs Invation, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Building of the Berlin Wall, the Space Race, the African American Civil Right Movement leh Vietnam War laia US dihhmun vawngnghettu a nih avangin he lawman hi hlan a ni.

Kum 1963, November Ni 22 khan John F. kennedy-a chu Texas State, Dallas khawpuia thah a ni a, a thattu chu Harvey Oswald-a a ni. Harvey Oswald-a chungthu rel a nih dawn avangin a nihnihnaah Jack Ruby-an Oswald-a chu a that ve nghal a, Warren Commision leh 1979 House Select Committee on Assassinations- te chuan Oswald-a chu Kennedy-a thattu a ni tih an puang a, he thil phenah hian thangkamna tha tawk tak a awm ngei a ni tih pawh an puang bawk. US mipuiten President Kennedy-a an chan ta chu an tuarin an sun nasa hle a, a thiltihte pawh US histawari kal zelah lungphun pawimawh tak a lo ni ta a ni. Kennedy-a hian US mipuite fak leh chawimawi a hlawh nasa hle a, US President-te zingah pawh ngaihsan a hlawh nasa hle a ni.


1. Pian kum- May 20, 1917
2. Pianna hmun- Brooklin, Massachusetts State
3. Nausen lai hming- John Fitzgerald “Jack” Kennedy
4. A san lam- 1.84m/6′ 1/2″
5. Thih Ni- November 22, 1963 (Kum 46)
6. A ruang phumna hmun- Arlington Cemetery
7. Political Party- Democratic
8. A nupui- Jacqucline Lee Bouvier Kennedy
9. A fate- (1) Caroline Bouvier Kennedy
(2) John Fitzgerald Kennedy, Jr.
(3) Patrick Bouvier Kennedy
8. A zirna run- (1) Harvard University
(2) Roman Catholic
9. A sakhua pawl hming- Roman Catholic
10. A sipai tan kum- 1941- 1945
11. A nihna- Lieutenant
12. A sipai service/branch- United States Navy
13. A sipai Unit- Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109
14. A ral dona ram leh hmun- (1) Khawvel Indopui II
(2) Solomon Islands Campaign
15. A lawmman dawnte- (1) Navy and Marine Corps Medal
(2) Purple Heart
(3) Asiatic- Pacific Campaign Medal
(4) World World II Victory Medal
16. US President nihna a chelh kum- January 20, 1961- November 22, 1963
17. A Vice President- Lyndon B. Johnson
18. A hmaa US President nihna lo chelhtu- Dwigh D. Eisenhower
19. A hnua US President nihna rawn chelhtu- Lyndon B. Johnson
20. United States Senator hna a chelh kum(Massachusett State atangin) - January 3, 1953- December 22, 1960
21. A hmaa United States Senator hna lo chelhtu- Henry Cabot Lodge,Jr.
22. A hnua United States Senator hna rawn chelhtu- Benjamin A.Smith
23. Member of U.S. House of Representative hna a chelh kum ( Massachusett State, district 11-na atangin)- January 29, 1917- January 3, 1953
24. A hmaa Member of U.S. House of Representative hna lo chelhtu- James Michael Curley
25. A hnua Member of U.S. House of Representative hna rawn chelhtu- Thomas P. O’Neill,Jr.
26. A ruang phumna hmun- Arlington Cemetery
27. Electoral Vote- Term I: 303
28- A hnehna Margin- 0.128

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Famous Quotes by Thomas Jefferson

1. "I believe that every human mind feels pleasure in doing good to another." —Thomas Jefferson on Advice

2. "My only fear is that I may live too long. This would be a subject of dread to me." —Thomas Jefferson on Age

3. "When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness--That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the the Consent of the Governed, that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive to these Ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such Principles and and organizing its Powers in such Form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. . . ." —Thomas Jefferson on America

3. "The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world." —Thomas Jefferson on America

4. "The most valuable of all talents is that of never using two words when one will do." —Thomas Jefferson on Brevity

5. "Merchants have no country. The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains." —Thomas Jefferson on Business

6. "I am mortified to be told that, in the United States of America, the sale of a book can become a subject of inquiry, and of criminal inquiry too." —Thomas Jefferson on Censorship

7. "I find the pain of a little censure, even when it is unfounded, is more acute than the pleasure of much praise." —Thomas Jefferson on Censure

8. "I find that the pain of a little censure, even when it is unfounded, is more acute than the pleasure of much praise." —Thomas Jefferson on Censure

9. "In questions of power, then, let no more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down from mischief by the chains of the Constitution." —Thomas Jefferson on Constitution

10. "The constitution, on this hypothesis, is a mere thing of wax in the hands of the Judiciary, which they may twist and shape into any form they please." —Thomas Jefferson on Constitution

11. "Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just." —Thomas Jefferson on Country

12. "A coward is much more exposed to quarrels than a man of spirit." —Thomas Jefferson on Cowardice

13. "And to preserve their independence, we must not let our rulers load us with perpetual debt. We must make our election between economy and liberty, or profusion and servitude." —Thomas Jefferson on Debt

14. "Never spend your money before you have it." —Thomas Jefferson on Debt

15. "We hold these truths to be sacred & undeniable; that all men are created equal & independant, that from that equal creation they derive rights inherent & inalienable, among which are the preservation of life, & liberty, & the pursuit of happiness." —Thomas Jefferson on Independence

16. "Only aim to do your duty, and mankind will give you credit where you fail." —Thomas Jefferson on Duty

17. "The earth is given as a common for men to labor and live in." —Thomas Jefferson on Earth

18. "I place economy among the first and most important virtues, and public debt as the greatest of dangers ... We must make our choice between economy and liberty, or profusion and servitude. If we can prevent the government from wasting the labors of the." —Thomas Jefferson on Economy

19. Enlighten the people generally, and tyranny and oppressions of body and mind will vanish like evil spirits at the dawn of day." —Thomas Jefferson on Education

20. "Question with boldness even the existence of God; because, if there is one, he must more approve of the homage of reason than that of blindfolded faith." —Thomas Jefferson on Faith

21. "Our liberty depends on the freedom of the press, and that cannot be limited without being lost." —Thomas Jefferson on Freedom of the Press

22. "Friendship is precious, not only in the shade, but in the sunshine of life." —Thomas Jefferson on Friendship

23. "But friendship is precious, not only in the shade, but in the sunshine of life; and thanks to a benevolent arrangement of things, the greater part of life is sunshine." —Thomas Jefferson on Friendship

24. "I think we have more machinery of government than is necessary, too many parasites living on the labour of the industrious." —Thomas Jefferson on Government

25. "That government is best which governs least, because its people discipline themselves." —Thomas Jefferson on Government

26. "It is error alone which needs the support of government. Truth can stand by itself." —Thomas Jefferson on Government

27. "It is more dangerous that even a guilty person should be punished without the forms of law than that he should escape." —Thomas Jefferson on Guilt

28. "I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past." —Thomas Jefferson on History

29. "When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness--That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the the Consent of the Governed, that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive to these Ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such Principles and and organizing its Powers in such Form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. . . ." —Thomas Jefferson on Independence

30. "I believe that every human mind feels pleasure in doing good to another." —Thomas Jefferson on Inspirational

31. "I believe that every human mind feels pleasure in doing good to another." —Thomas Jefferson on Inspirational

32. "I consider trial by jury as the only anchor yet imagined by man by which a government can be held to the principles of its constitution." —Thomas Jefferson on Jury

33. "It is the trade of lawyers to question everything, yield nothing, and to talk by the hour." —Thomas Jefferson on Law

34. "The God who gave us life, gave us liberty at the same time." —Thomas Jefferson on Liberty

35. "The natural progress of things is for liberty to yield and government to gain ground." —Thomas Jefferson on Liberty

36. "I would rather be exposed to the inconveniences attending too much liberty than those attending too small a degree of it." —Thomas Jefferson on Liberty

37. "It behoves every man who values liberty of conscience for himself, to resist invasions of it in the case of others: or their case may, by change of circumstances, become his own." —Thomas Jefferson on Liberty

38. "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is it's natural manure." —Thomas Jefferson on Liberty

39. "The God who gave us life gave us liberty at the same time." —Thomas Jefferson on Liberty

40. "It is my principle that the will of the majority should always prevail." —Thomas Jefferson on Majority

41. "The man who reads nothing at all is better educated than the man who reads nothing but newspapers." —Thomas Jefferson on Newspapers

42. "Rebellion to tyrants is obedience to God." —Thomas Jefferson on Obedience

43. "It is neither wealth nor splendor; but tranquillity and occupation which give happiness." —Thomas Jefferson on Occupation

44. "Monuments of the safety with which errors of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it." —Thomas Jefferson on Opinion

45. "Peace, commerce, and honest friendship with all nations — entangling alliances with none." —Thomas Jefferson on Peace

46. "Peace and friendship with all mankind is our wisest policy, and I wish we may be permitted to pursue it." —Thomas Jefferson on Peace

47. "Peace and friendship with all mankind is our wisest policy, and I wish we may be permitted to pursue it." —Thomas Jefferson on Peace

48. "Peace and friendship with all mankind is our wisest policy, and I wish we may be permitted to pursue it." —Thomas Jefferson on Peace

49. "Whenever a man has cast a longing eye on offices, a rottenness begins in his conduct." —Thomas Jefferson on Politics Government

50. "No man will ever bring out of the Presidency the reputation which carries him into it." —Thomas Jefferson on President

51. "When a man assumes a public trust, he should consider himself as public property." —Thomas Jefferson on Public Trust

52. "Error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to admit it." —Thomas Jefferson on Reason

53. "A little rebellion now and then is a good thing." —Thomas Jefferson on Rebellion

54. "A little rebellion now and then ... is a medicine necessary for the sound health of government." —Thomas Jefferson on Rebellion

55. "The hole and the patch should be commensurate." —Thomas Jefferson on Reform

56. "Mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed." —Thomas Jefferson on Resignation

57. "Resort is had to ridicule only when reason is against us." —Thomas Jefferson on Ridicule

58. "We hold these truths to be self-evident,--that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." —Thomas Jefferson on Rights

59. "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." —Thomas Jefferson on Rights

60. "Peace. commerce, and honest friendship with all nations--entangling alliances with none." —Thomas Jefferson on Statesmanship

61. "Taste cannot be controlled by law." —Thomas Jefferson on Taste

62. "Timid men prefer the calm of despotism to the boisterous sea of liberty." —Thomas Jefferson on Timidity

63. "The man who fears no truths has nothing to fear from lies." —Thomas Jefferson on Truth

64. "Resistance to tyrants is obedience to God." —Thomas Jefferson on Tyranny

65. "I have sworn upon the altar of God, eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man." —Thomas Jefferson on Tyranny

66. "Victory and defeat are each of the same price." —Thomas Jefferson on Victory

67. "Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty." —Thomas Jefferson on Vigilance

68. "Nothing can stop the man with the right mental attitude from achieving his goal; nothing on earth can help the man with the wrong mental attitude." —Thomas Jefferson on Wisdom

Thomas Jefferson (13 April 1743 â" 4 July 1826) was the third president of the United States (1801â"1809), author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), a political philosopher, and one of the most influential founders of the United States.


Name: Thomas Jefferson
Birth Date: April 13, 1743
Death Date: July 4, 1826
Place of Birth: Shadwell, Virginia, United States
Place of Death: Virginia, United States
Nationality: American
Gender: Male
Occupations: President  

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All Nobel Laureates in Chemistry

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry

In 1901 the very first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Jacobus H. van 't Hoff for his work on rates of reaction, chemical equilibrium, and osmotic pressure. In more recent years, the Chemistry Nobel Laureates have increased our understanding of chemical processes and their molecular basis, and have also contributed to many of the technological advancements we enjoy today.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to 153 individuals since 1901. (Frederick Sanger was awarded the prize in both 1958 and 1980.)

• 2008 - Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, Roger Y. Tsien
• 2007 - Gerhard Ertl
• 2006 - Roger D. Kornberg
• 2005 - Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs, Richard R. Schrock
• 2004 - Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose
• 2003 - Peter Agre, Roderick MacKinnon
• 2002 - John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich
• 2001 - William S. Knowles, Ryoji Noyori, K. Barry Sharpless
• 2000 - Alan Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa
• 1999 - Ahmed Zewail
• 1998 - Walter Kohn, John Pople
• 1997 - Paul D. Boyer, John E. Walker, Jens C. Skou
• 1996 - Robert F. Curl Jr., Sir Harold Kroto, Richard E. Smalley
• 1995 - Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina, F. Sherwood Rowland
• 1994 - George A. Olah
• 1993 - Kary B. Mullis, Michael Smith
• 1992 - Rudolph A. Marcus
• 1991 - Richard R. Ernst
• 1990 - Elias James Corey
• 1989 - Sidney Altman, Thomas R. Cech
• 1988 - Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel
• 1987 - Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J. Pedersen
• 1986 - Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John C. Polanyi
• 1985 - Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle
• 1984 - Bruce Merrifield
• 1983 - Henry Taube
• 1982 - Aaron Klug
• 1981 - Kenichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann
• 1980 - Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger
• 1979 - Herbert C. Brown, Georg Wittig
• 1978 - Peter Mitchell
• 1977 - Ilya Prigogine
• 1976 - William Lipscomb
• 1975 - John Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog
• 1974 - Paul J. Flory
• 1973 - Ernst Otto Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson
• 1972 - Christian Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William H. Stein
• 1971 - Gerhard Herzberg
• 1970 - Luis Leloir
• 1969 - Derek Barton, Odd Hassel
• 1968 - Lars Onsager
• 1967 - Manfred Eigen, Ronald G.W. Norrish, George Porter
• 1966 - Robert S. Mulliken
• 1965 - Robert B. Woodward
• 1964 - Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
• 1963 - Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta
• 1962 - Max F. Perutz, John C. Kendrew
• 1961 - Melvin Calvin
• 1960 - Willard F. Libby
• 1959 - Jaroslav Heyrovsky
• 1958 - Frederick Sanger
• 1957 - Lord Todd
• 1956 - Sir Cyril Hinshelwood, Nikolay Semenov
• 1955 - Vincent du Vigneaud
• 1954 - Linus Pauling
• 1953 - Hermann Staudinger
• 1952 - Archer J.P. Martin, Richard L.M. Synge
• 1951 - Edwin M. McMillan, Glenn T. Seaborg
• 1950 - Otto Diels, Kurt Alder
• 1949 - William F. Giauque
• 1948 - Arne Tiselius
• 1947 - Sir Robert Robinson
• 1946 - James B. Sumner, John H. Northrop, Wendell M. Stanley
• 1945 - Artturi Virtanen
• 1944 - Otto Hahn
• 1943 - George de Hevesy
• 1942 - The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1941 - The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1940 - The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1939 - Adolf Butenandt, Leopold Ruzicka
• 1938 - Richard Kuhn
• 1937 - Norman Haworth, Paul Karrer
• 1936 - Peter Debye
• 1935 - Frédéric Joliot, Irène Joliot-Curie
• 1934 - Harold C. Urey
• 1933 - The prize money was with 1/3 allocated to the Main Fund and with 2/3 to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1932 - Irving Langmuir
• 1931 - Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius
• 1930 - Hans Fischer
• 1929 - Arthur Harden, Hans von Euler-Chelpin
• 1928 - Adolf Windaus
• 1927 - Heinrich Wieland
• 1926 - The Svedberg
• 1925 - Richard Zsigmondy
• 1924 - The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1923 - Fritz Pregl
• 1922 - Francis W. Aston
• 1921 - Frederick Soddy
• 1920 - Walther Nernst
• 1919 - The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1918 - Fritz Haber
• 1917 - The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1916 - The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section
• 1915 - Richard Willstätter
• 1914 - Theodore W. Richards
• 1913 - Alfred Werner
• 1912 - Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier
• 1911 - Marie Curie
• 1910 - Otto Wallach
• 1909 - Wilhelm Ostwald
• 1908 - Ernest Rutherford
• 1907 - Eduard Buchner
• 1906 - Henri Moissan
• 1905 - Adolf von Baeyer
• 1904 - Sir William Ramsay
• 1903 - Svante Arrhenius
• 1902 - Emil Fischer
• 1901 - Jacobus H. van 't Hoff

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http://nobelprize.org/index.html

Famous Quotes by Bill Clinton

Famous Quotes by Bill Clinton

1. "It's the economy, stupid." —Bill Clinton on Finance and Economics

2. "I ask you to join in a re-United States. We need to empower our people so they can take more responsibility for their own lives in a world that is ever smaller, where everyone counts. We need a new spirit of community, a sense that we are all in this together, or the American Dream will continue to wither. Our destiny is bound up with the destiny of every other American." —Bill Clinton on Politics Government

Quotes about Clinton

Bill Clinton is generally viewed as one smart politician, having been twice elected the President, helped by lackluster Robert Dole, having survived the Lewinsky sex scandal, lying under oath about sex, and impeachment. When is it all about himself, he is cunningly smart. Ralph Nader, Washington Times, January 28, 2008. The idea of Bill Clinton back in the White House with nothing to do is something I just can't imagine. Mitt Romney, Republican Debates, January 25, 2008. Then the big white whale, Clinton. What about someone who is a war criminal, a taker of bribes from foreign dictatorships, almost certainly a rapist (plausibly accused, anyway, by three believable women, of rape), executed a black man (Ricky Ray Rector) who was so mentally retarded that he was unable to plead or to understand the charges â" You're against all that, right? But you're for it when it's someone who you think is a "New Democrat". "Conversations with History: A Dissenting Voice", interview by Harry Kreisler (2002-04-25)

To Be An Effective Leader

By: Author Unknown

In his book The Next Generation Leader, Andy Stanley offers 5 valid points to consider if you desire to be an effective leader. We highly recommend this book to anyone in a leadership position.

1. Face it, you are not as good as you could be. So what are you going to do about it? The only way to go farther, faster, is to engage outside help. You can maximize your leadership potential by getting a coach...or two.

2. Find someone to observe you in a variety of leadership settings. Outside input is critical. Even if you could watch yourself in a mirror twenty-four hours day, you would never see yourself as others see you.

3. Select a coach who has no axe to grind and not reason to be anything except brutally honest. He need not be an expert in your field. What your coach must be able to do , however, is put himself in the shoes of those who are influenced by your leadership.

4. Try to find someone who can articulate his thoughts with clarity and precision. You don't need glaring generalities; you need to know exactly what needs to be repeated and deleted in your leadership.

5. Become a coach. As we learn to do by doing, we learn to accept by giving.

All Laureates in Economics

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel

In 1968, Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden's central bank) established this Prize in memory of Alfred Nobel, founder of the Nobel Prize. The first Prize in Economics was awarded to Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen in 1969

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel has been awarded to 62 individuals since 1969.

• 2008 - Paul Krugman
• 2007 - Leonid Hurwicz, Eric S. Maskin, Roger B. Myerson
• 2006 - Edmund S. Phelps
• 2005 - Robert J. Aumann, Thomas C. Schelling
• 2004 - Finn E. Kydland, Edward C. Prescott
• 2003 - Robert F. Engle III, Clive W.J. Granger
• 2002 - Daniel Kahneman, Vernon L. Smith
• 2001 - George A. Akerlof, A. Michael Spence, Joseph E. Stiglitz
• 2000 - James J. Heckman, Daniel L. McFadden
• 1999 - Robert A. Mundell
• 1998 - Amartya Sen
• 1997 - Robert C. Merton, Myron S. Scholes
• 1996 - James A. Mirrlees, William Vickrey
• 1995 - Robert E. Lucas Jr.
• 1994 - John C. Harsanyi, John F. Nash Jr., Reinhard Selten
• 1993 - Robert W. Fogel, Douglass C. North
• 1992 - Gary S. Becker
• 1991 - Ronald H. Coase
• 1990 - Harry M. Markowitz, Merton H. Miller, William F. Sharpe
• 1989 - Trygve Haavelmo
• 1988 - Maurice Allais
• 1987 - Robert M. Solow
• 1986 - James M. Buchanan Jr.
• 1985 - Franco Modigliani
• 1984 - Richard Stone
• 1983 - Gerard Debreu
• 1982 - George J. Stigler
• 1981 - James Tobin
• 1980 - Lawrence R. Klein
• 1979 - Theodore W. Schultz, Sir Arthur Lewis
• 1978 - Herbert A. Simon
• 1977 - Bertil Ohlin, James E. Meade
• 1976 - Milton Friedman
• 1975 - Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich, Tjalling C. Koopmans
• 1974 - Gunnar Myrdal, Friedrich August von Hayek
• 1973 - Wassily Leontief
• 1972 - John R. Hicks, Kenneth J. Arrow
• 1971 - Simon Kuznets
• 1970 - Paul A. Samuelson
• 1969 - Ragnar Frisch, Jan Tinbergen
Source:http://nobelprize.org/index.html

Top 10 Mysterious Monsters

1. Mongolian Death Worm


By Ishaan Tharoor

In August 2009, two New Zealanders carrying a video camera and a sack of explosives set off to a remote corner of Mongolia's Gobi desert in search of a creature few believe exist. The Mongolian Death Worm is known locally as the Allghoi Khorkhoi, or the "intestine worm," because it is supposed to resemble the internal tract of a cow. (The accompanying picture is a sculptor's rendering of the beast.) According to legend, the worm lurks beneath the sand of the desert, pouncing on unsuspecting victims by shooting bolts of lightning and acid from what appears to be a teeth-lined rectum. The Kiwi duo intend to lure it to the surface with tremors set off by detonating their explosives. Once it emerges, they hope to capture the worm on film, though not in the flesh. "I have no intention of grabbing it, stuffing it or anything like that," says the expedition's head, David Farrier, wisely.

source:www.time.com/time/

SAYA!!

By: Thangmawia
San Chaung
Yangon

Tun laiin kan ramah (Myanmar-ah) “SAYA” tih tawngkam hi kan hmang uar hle a, Yangon khawpuiah hlei hlei kan uar leh zual. Keini ‘eng a’ hmang ho (a bikin Tahan Mizo ho) pawh ka bang chuang lo. Sunday School naupang hovin an zirtirtu mipa chu “SAYA” tiin an ko deuh vek mai, chutiangin Summer School zirtirtute pawh. Eng ual ni lo mah ila mipa kum 20 vel atanga chhunglam zawng hi chuan Yangon hmun tin hmun tangah “SAYA” tia kotu hi kan tawng leh nawlh thin. Thingpui dawrah han lut ila “SAYA engnge i in dawn?” min lo ti a. Store-ah lut ila “SAYA engnge i duh” min lo ti chamchi bawk. Lumehna dawrah leh dawr chi hrang hrangah lut i la, chuti bawk. Zirtirtu vawi khat mah thawk eih lo paw’n “SAYA” tia koh kan hlawh leh nawlh mai thin.

 An tia a lawm: Vawi khat chu khawte lam atangin pa pakhat pawh Yangon-ah a zin ve a, thingpui dawrah thingpui in tura a han thut chuan waiter chuan, “SAYA engnge i in dawn?” a lo ti pek a. Chu mikhual pa chuan, “E!! … Vala, engtin nge kan khuaah school zirtirtu ka thawk tih i hriat le?” tiin mak ti em emin a zawt a ni awm e. Nia, zawt awm tak chu a ni, Yangon chin chang hre lo tan chuan. “SAYA” tih tawngkam hi Bible School leh Biak In-ah hlei hlei hmanlar a ni. He tawngkam khat hian kan thian pakhat (kan Bible zirpui) lu a ti hai ngang mai. Tihian kan thian pa chuan phun deuh nuah nuahin a sawi a: “Eh! SAYA tia min kotu an tam lu tuka awm dan pawh ka thiam lo. Sikulah thian leh thian inzah der nan SAYA chumi khami tiin kan inko va. Chutiang bawkin kan Lecturerte leh kan Professor ten min ko bawk. Yangon kohhran hrang hrangah rawngbawla (practical field work thawka) kan kal lahin kan Church School naupang mai bakah nu leh pa te, kohhran upa te leh pastor hovin “SAYA” tiin min lo ko bawk a. Pawn chhuakin dawrah han lut hlek ila chutiang bawk. Thal school chawlhah khuaa kan va hawnin chutiang bawk. Eh!! … a buaithlak lam pang deuh chu a ni, kei lah engual kan ni mang si lo va” tiin. A ti dik khawp mai. He tawngkam ang em ema hmuntin hmuntang hawl kim hi Kawl tawngah a tam lo viau mai thei. 

“SAYA” tih awmzia chu kawlram zofate chuan kan hre deuh vek ang a. Tawngkam mawi tak leh zahawm tak pawh a ni. Amaherawhchu, tun anga hman lar a nih hnu hian a title hlutna tlemin a nep deuh ta niin a lang. Tin, tun ang ema hman lar a nih hi a la rei vak hmel loh va. Kan hriat theuh angin tawng kam hman dan hi a danglam chak em em a. Hman lar bik tawngkamte a lo chhuak a, chutih rualin thenkhat hman zawm loh va riral ta mai a awm nuk bawk. Hman lar deuh tawngkamte pawh a lo rei chuan a chuai ve leh mai thin. Tin, khaw tin deuh thaw hian tawngkam uar bik kan nei thin a.

Kan tleirawl lai ti ve mai ila, kum 1995-98 lai bawr vel khan Letpanchhaungah “an lo mawm, chitui um hnihin/um thumin an lo mawm” tih tawngkam kan uar em em a. A awmzia chu “an lo hau ve” tihna a ni a, tawngelna (“i chawh” tih) ang deuh a ni. Tunah an uar tawh meuh lo. Hman deuh (ni kum hmasa lam) atang khan Tahanah naupang leh thalaiin “a chi nang” tih tawngkam an hmang uar hle a – uar rei tak ang maw? Tin, tawngkam then khat chu a rei tial tial a, a chhan leh a kawh tum a dang daih thin. Kawl tawng myaik de tih hian tun hma kha chuan thil tha lo lam (negative) a kawk a, tunah erawh chuan thil tha lam (positive) lam a kawk tel tlat. Kan thian pakhat chuan yauhphah (makpa) tiin a thian kawmngeih te chu min ko vek a. A tan chuan yauhphah tih chu ka thian tha tih tluk a ni. Amah chauh a ni lo, thiantha hetianga in ko hi hmuh tur an awm nual mai.

 Engpawh ni se mak hranpaah ngai lo ila, kawl nula then khat te pawhin mahni insawi nan kyama aiah kyanaw an ti ve bawk. Hengte avang hian alawm mithiamte chuan, “Tawng hi pawisa a vir kual reng ang hian a che ve reng a, a danglam zung zungin a inthlak fo thin,” an lo tih ni. “Tawng reng reng che lova a awm reng chuan tawng thi a ni,” an lo ti bawk. “SAYA” tih pawh hi a chunga kan han sawi tak ang deuh khi a ni a. Nakinah hetiang em em hian an hmang uar tawh lo pawh a ni mai thei. Mahse tunah rih chuan a la popular tlat si a. Mipa kum 20 aia u deuh i nih a, Yangon-a awm i nih bawk a, i hmelin puak a tih deuh ngat chuan khawi khawiah emaw i sikul naung pang pawh ni lo, i hmel hriat pawh ni lovin “SAYA” tiin a rawn ko ngei ngei ang che. Chutih hunah chuan he thuziak hi hre rengin nui sengin nangmah kotu chu i chawn dawn nia.

Zofate Hmathlir 1-na

Alex Dinga

Tahan D


Do all the good you can, By all the means you can, In all the ways you can, in all the places you can, At all the times you can, to all the people you can, As long as ever you can.

Zofate hi Tribal Society kal pel a, industrious Stage ah lut mek kan nih avangin kan value systems, morality, cultural heritage, traditional heritages leh kan life-style chi hrang hrang hi kan siamthat emaw thlakthleng tur tam tak a awm ta. Mithiam leh mi thahnemngai tak tak ten durbin hrang hrangin Zofate hma an lo thlir thin a. Thu leh hla in ram an la mek zel a. Tunah pawh hei, Zofate hmathlir khatna kan nei leh dawn a ni. 

Abik takin Chhaktiang zofate tana hmathlirna a ni ang. Tuna thupui kan han theh tur hi hnathawhna lam a ni a. Zofate hian hna kan thawh dawnin sang tak kan han beisei nghal phawt a. Lehkha inti zirsang deuh te phei chuan leileh chu sawi loh, mi chunglama thawh chi hna hi kan han tizawn deuh kher bawk thin a. Hna sang kan tlin loh chuan hna dang hi kan thawk peih tawh lo emaw tih mai turin kan awl heuh heuh a. Engmah tih kan tum ta lo tih mai turin hunin nasa takin min liamsan a, a tawpah tlai intihna a lo awm a. Hna nei mumal si lo, intichangkang ve lak lawh siin hmantlak lohvah kan chhuak fo. A pawi em em a ni.

Eng hna pawh kan hmuh phak tawk apiang, kan chan tawk apiang thawk thei turin kan inhuam a ngai ta. Dam chhung hna thawk turin vawi khata thlan fel mai a har fo. Mahse hun I neih a, I la nghak dawn a nih chuan chumi chungin hnathawh tur dang zawng fo rawh. Zofa hnahthlak dang te hi heng kawngah chuan an bengvar hle. Hnahniam, hmeichhe hna, mipa hna a awm lo. Kawl ho thawh tur, Vai ho thawh chi tih eng hna mah a awm hauh lo mai. Kha ngaihdan kha hmasawn lohna bul, kan thanmawh bawk a ni. Hna zawng zawng hi Mizo thawh chi vek. Nula zawng zawng te hian hnathawk lo tlangval inchei pang ai chuan pangpar huan enkawltu hnathawk thin kha pasal atan thlan ngei ngei tur anih tih an hrethiam tlat tawh. Kut hna thawh chi hrang hrang hlawk taka thawhdan ngaihtuah a, kan hun hi hnathawh nan hman fo tawh zawk tur a ni. Ram changkang leh mi hmasawn te hian an thawh theih zawng, leh thiam bik te an awm chuan a te a lian thlu lovin an hmuh phak tawk hna apiang an thawk hreh lo. Hun hi a thlawnin an liamtir mai mai lo. Keini zofate inti te hi hnathawh kan zak tlat thin.

Developed countries ram tlawh fo thinte chuan kan hria ang. Master degree nei te leh Pastor thenkhat te pawn bungrua siamthat hna te, naupang enkawl hna te, office staff hna pakhat khat an hmuh phak tawk apiang hreh loh le zak miah lovin an thawk mai a ni. Kei pawh Manila-a Seminary kan zirnaah chawei thleng sil pahin leh library-a hmunphiah paha kan han bei ve chu a tira chuan ka zak ve deuh ngei a. Mahse zak tur fakauvin enge maw kan nih le, tiin kan rilru ka hneh hram hram a. Chuchuan Zofate tana hmathlirna min siamsak ta ani. Mi chan sawi mai hi a awl a, mahnia han hmachhawn erawh a awl lo khawp mai. Mahse hnathawh avanga inhmusitna, in enhniamna, inngaihnepna hi mi hnufual te zia a ni tawh zawk.

Chhaktiang zofate hian kan thil ngaihlut zawng, kan hnam nuna bet tlat hmasawnna dal thei thil te, kan sakhua biakdan hlui duh bur reng ngaihdan te hi kan thlak a, chapona leh mahni hmakhua chauh thlirna, inlaklen vak duhna rilru te hi bansan a hun. Tahan leh a chhehvela cheng zohnahthlak hrang hrang hi en ila, Mizo inti te hian sakhua huangchhung chauhah hna thawh kan tum emaw tih mai tur a ni. Sorkar ofis hna hrang hrang, company hna te, NGO hna hrang hrang te, leh private hna te ngaihsak kan la tlem em em. Chuti chung chuan intichangkang fe fe in kan la leng zuai zuai a. Department hrang hrang len luh changin mahni mi leh sa hnathawk leh biak tur reng reng kan han nei ve thin lo hi chu hnathawh kalhmang kan la man fuh tak tak lo a ni tih a hriat. Induhsak thei tur kan awm ve lo. Chuvangin hnathawh tur apiang, a te a lian thlu lovin kan chan phak, hmuhphak apiang thawk zung zung ila. Hna hrang hrang experience neih tum bawk ila, kawng thar leh tha kan nghak rih a nih pawn hna chi hrang hrangah in inbarh lut ve tawh ang u. A sang kher kher hmasat I tum loving u. Hna awl apiang, kan hmuh phak leh chan tawk apiangah I lut zung zung ang u.

Top 10 Lefties

1. Barack Obama

In the past hundred years, the U.S. presidency has veered more and more to the left —not in policy, but in handedness. Barack Obama is the latest to join a long list of left-handed presidents from the 20th century: James Garfield, Herbert Hoover, Henry Truman, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton were all southpaws. What makes lefties so electable? Some experts think left-handed people have a greater aptitude for language skills, which may help them craft the rhetoric necessary for political office. And as for the bout of recent left-handed presidents, some think it's because teachers only recently stopped working to convert lefties to righties at an early age. 2. Bill Gates Claiming the nation's richest man among their number is a source of considerable pride for America's society of southpaws. In fact, the Microsoft titan and philanthropist is one of a surprising number of U.S. business moguls to be left-handed, including Henry Ford, John D. Rockefeller and former IBM head Lou Gerstner. But the club seems to be a guys-only fraternity — research suggests that while left-handed men tend to earn more than their right-handed colleagues, there is no similar advantage for women. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research floated the idea that left-handed men favor "divergent" thinking, a form of creativity in which the brain moves "from conventional knowledge into unexplored association." Maybe that's what it takes to develop a net worth estimated at $57 billion.
 

3. Oprah Winfrey

The talk-show queen doesn't need much more to set her apart from the rest — what with her estimated $2.7 billion fortune and a magic ability to sell books just by glancing at them — but she also has the distinction of being a member of the left-handed club. Since men are more likely to be left-handed than women, that makes Oprah doubly impressive. She's in good company: Other show-biz ladies of the southpaw persuasion include Whoopi Goldberg, Julia Roberts and Angelina Jolie (live-in boyfriend Brad Pitt is also a lefty).

4. Babe Ruth

Even casual baseball fans — heck, even your grandma — are familiar with the Sultan of Swat and his 714 home runs. But fewer people realize that early in his career, Ruth was also one of the game's élite pitchers. Between 1915 and 1919, he won 85 games (plus three World Series contests) while notching an ERA of 2.02, before the Boston Red Sox decided he'd be more valuable at the plate. But while Ruth is baseball's most decorated left-handed player, he's hardly the only Hall of Fame southpaw. It's almost impossible for lefties to thrive in certain positions — including catcher, shortstop, second and third base — because they are required to throw awkwardly across their bodies to make plays in the field. But southpaws have distinct advantages on the diamond. Lefty Grove, Sandy Koufax, Warren Spahn and Steve Carlton are among the left-handed pitchers who have frustrated hitters. Lefty batters also do better at the plate: they do better against right-handed pitchers and stand a precious step or two closer to first base, advantages that sluggers from Ty Cobb and Stan Musial to Ted Williams and Barry Bonds have clearly used to their benefit. Read TIME's coverage of Babe Ruth's death

5. Napoleon Bonaparte

Legend has it that Napoleon objected to the time-honored military practice of marching on the left side of the road with weapons at the ready in the right hand: it put lefties like him at a strategic disadvantage. Once in power, the story goes, the French emperor — whose queen, Josephine, was also a southpaw — ordered his armies to switch sides. Civilians in countries he conquered had to do the same. Hence, supposedly, the rules of the road as we know them were born, which also explains why the British (who, along with the Prussians, defeated Napoleon at Waterloo) still drive on the left.

6. Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo da Vinci, one of the most brilliant men in history, took his sinistrism to an extreme: he wrote from right to left. Historians have plenty of creative theories to explain this so-called "mirror writing" — named because you had to hold it up to a glass to read it. For example: perhaps he was trying to make it harder for people to sneak a peek at his notes and lift his ideas. One argument, however, is less fanciful but perhaps more logical: writing in ink from left to right was too messy because Leonardo was a southpaw. Some historians have suggested that da Vinci's left-handedness added to his genius, because it forced him to think and see in an extraordinary way. (If so, he wasn't alone: fellow left-handers include rival Renaissance titans Michelangelo and Raphael.)

7. Marie Curie

Not only was atomic scientist Marie Curie left-handed, but she was the matriarch of a whole family of accomplished, southpaw scientists. Curie, who discovered the principles of radioactivity and won two Nobel Prizes, was married to fellow lefty Pierre Curie, who was instrumental in helping Marie's atomic research and shared one of her Nobel awards. Historians believe their daughter, Irene, was also left-handed. Irene went on to win a Nobel Prize of her own with her husband — who, you guessed it, was also left-handed. Lefty scientists are hardly unusual. In addition to the Curie clan, Einstein, Newton and Alan Turing — founder of modern computer science — all were left-handed as well.

8. Aristotle

Some of the earliest works of western philosophy and science were written with a left hand. Aristotle, he of the scientific method, early physics, astrology, meteorology and ethics, penned an exhaustive list of works that laid the foundation of much of modern science. And his philosophical musings influenced a much later, left-handed thinker: German philosopher Frederick Nietzsche.

9. FoxNed Flanders

Ned Flanders is left-handed, devoutly religious, and has a surprisingly chiseled physique. Oh, and he's fictional. In Season three of The Simpsons, Homer Simpson's next door neighbor uses his life savings to open the Leftorium, a store that specializes in products for left-handed people. Homer Simpson sends the store out of business but feels guilty about it and helps revive it. Although the store only appears in one episode — "When Flanders Failed" — Flanders occasionally references it throughout the series, so we know it's still around. According to Springfield's most religious lefty, the Leftorium is suffering now that a left-handed megastore, Left-Mart, opened up nearby.

10. Jimi Hendrix

Jimi Hendrix played guitar upside down and backwards, and to his devout fans' parents, it probably sounded like it. The six-string revolutionary favored a right-handed Fender Stratocaster, slung upside-down across his shoulders, that didn't even need to be restrung: Hendrix taught himself how to hit the strings in reverse order, producing a unique sound and allowing him to alternate between left- and right-handed playing if he so desired. (He could play right-handed but generally preferred not to). Hendrix learned to play in Nashville blues clubs before touring as a back-up musician for the Isley Brothers and Little Richard. He broke out on his own in 1966, but his career was cut short by a drug overdose in August 1970. Hendrix's use of distortion and wah-wah effects warped and extended notes in ways no other player could quite achieve; for years, right-handed guitarists have tried to emulate his sound, going so far as to put left-handed necks on their own guitars. There was one technique not impacted by Hendrix's lefthandedness: setting his guitar on fire. For that, he used both hands.

Source: Time.com

Quote of Aristotle

Αριστοτέλης (Aristotelēs; Aristotle)(384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was a Greek thinker and scientist.


1. "He who has overcome his fears will truly be free."

Simple English: Someone who does not let fear stop him will really be free.



2. "I count him braver who overcomes his desires than him who overcomes his enemies."

Simple English: Someone who does not let his desires stop him seems to me to have a stronger mind (less fear) than someone who does not let his enemies stop him.



3. "In all things of nature there is something of the marvelous."

Simple English: In every thing of nature, there is something to make a person wonder and feel good.



4. "Misfortune shows those who are not really friends."

Simple English: When a person has bad luck, the person finds out which of their friends are not really friends.



5. "How many a dispute could have been deflated into a single paragraph if the disputants had dared to define their terms."

Simple English: It is a large number of arguments that the people arguing could have made smaller into just a small number of sentences, if they had not been afraid to take the words they were using and explain the meaning of each word.

5 Compliments Every Woman Loves To Hear

By: YourTango

Words of appreciation spoken directly to your romantic partner go far in paving the way to a happy, healthy relationship. What is sometimes too easily forgotten: disagreements among couples (from trifling to serious) can nearly always be overcome with a few words of gratitude from a partner (a.k.a., a healthy dose of authentic compliments). But it takes more than a "Hey Baby, you're hot" to really win points with your partner here. These are the top five compliments every woman loves to hear. If you can't remember the words verbatim, remember the key principles: appreciation, support and acceptance. This is the triage to a strong, lasting and powerful romantic endeavor.

1.You're Irreplaceable.

 This is a surefire way to light up your partner’s eyes. Saying these words (with full eye contact, of course) lets the special one in your life know that you know who she is as a person and that you value her as a unique individual. Why is this so effective? Think about when you break up with someone and part ways. One of the worst ramifications of the break-up is finding out, via Facebook update or chattering among friends, that you've been replaced by someone new. On the flip side, hearing from your current partner that you're valued for more than what you look like scores big, meaningful points. 

2. You bring light to my life.

Yes, we know this sounds like a bit much. But bear with us and let us make one point: relationships can go off course when one or both partners takes for granted the contributions the other makes to their lives. Saying this shows that a man understands and remembers that a women chooses to be with her man and opts to give her energy and time to him. Showing he appreciates that she shares her life with him is symphonic to a woman's ears. If the word light is a tad too over-the-top for you try replacing it with happiness, joy, sunshine—whichever word you can say with genuine meaning.

3. You are perfect just the way that you are.

This one takes the gold star award for ability to make a woman’s day, week, month or even year (if, that is, whenever she gets miffed at you for something small she recalls you saying this to her). Ingrid Michaelson sang it best with her lyrics to the song "The Way that I Am." If you really want to make your partner's day, we suggest e-mailing this song or youtube video to the woman you love. Deep, lasting love is unconditional. Showing that you comprehend and embrace this idea will touch your partner way more than superficial comments such as, "Your earrings are cute." 

4. I love your (fill in the blank: bright eyes, cute toes, toned arms, sleek legs, silky hair).

We did not mean to give the impression above that we women do not like to hear you notice when we put extra effort into looking foxy for our man. But what’s key here is that what you say is genuine. Don’t just pick any random feature. Think about it. What is your partner’s best physical attribute and why do you like it? Telling your partner this will show her you pay attention to details, and to her.

5. I am so proud of you.

A big deal-breaker in any relationship can be supporting one another’s life goals or not. Paying attention to your partner’s current goals she is working hard to achieve endear her to you for life. Whether it is paying off her credit card debt, completing a class, putting in extra hours to earn a promotion or even trying to better balance her life, show your loving support for your women. Her heart will melt then and every time thereafter she remembers when you supported along the way to making things happen and brushing off when the chips are down.

EPCB condemns sentencing of Aung San Suu Kyi and calls for UNSC Arms Embargo - News - The Burma Campaign UK

EPCB condemns sentencing of Aung San Suu Kyi and calls for UNSC Arms Embargo - News - The Burma Campaign UK

Open Letter

Aung San Suu Kyi’s sentence is a death sentence for democracy
Burma Campaign Aotearoa/New Zealand (BCNZ) joins international leaders and advocates in strongly condemning yesterday’s sentencing of democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi to a renewed period of 18 months of house arrest and calls upon the New Zealand Government to support the international community in pursuing an international commission of inquiry to investigate war crimes and crimes against humanity in Burma as well as sanctioning a global arms embargo.

It is clear from the regime’s current actions that this sentencing is a part of a steadfast campaign to exclude Aung San Suu Kyi from participating in the proposed 2010 elections which would entrench an undemocratically derived constitution and military rule in the country.

Following the failure of previous efforts to hold the regime accountable for its horrendous human rights records, the international community must now back words with action. Only through strong condemnation of the regime by the international community will international mechanisms be able to protect the future of the Burmese who for too long have suffered unequivocally under a tyrannical and oppressive regime.

BCNZ calls upon the New Zealand Government to support international calls for a commission of inquiry into the actions of the regime as well as endorse a universal arms embargo against the regime.
BCNZ also calls upon the New Zealand Government to review any economic or trade relationships that New Zealand has with the regime and asks that New Zealand companies considering investing, working or trading with the regime in light of the recent Free Trade Agreement with ASEAN, take account of the reality that trade with Burma is likely to benefit and entrench the ruling military elite,

Sincerely,
Ross Wilson
Burma Campaign Spokesperson
Contact: 0274468767
Visit the website at www.burmacampaignorg.nz

Burma Court Finds Aung San Suu Kyi Guilty

www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1915693,00.html
Anger greets Suu Kyi conviction (BBC) World leaders have reacted with anger and disappointment at the conviction of Burmese pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi for violating security laws. The UN called for her immediate release after she was sentenced to a further 18 months of house arrest - where she has spent 14 of the past 20 years. The US, the European Union, Britain and France were among those who condemned the verdict. However, trading partners China and India have made no public comment. Ms Suu Kyi was on trial for allowing a US national, John Yettaw, into her lakeside home after he swam there uninvited. John Yettaw was jailed for seven years, including four years of hard labour. Critics of Burma's military regime say the verdict is designed to prevent Ms Suu Kyi from taking part in elections scheduled for 2010. 'Sham trial' UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon has said he "strongly deplores" the verdict, and has called for Ms Suu Kyi's immediate and unconditional release. "Unless she and all other political prisoners in Myanmar [Burma] are released and allowed to participate in free and fair elections, the credibility of the political process will remain in doubt," he said. A spokesman for the European Union, Ton van Lierop, said the further detention of the 64-year-old was unjustified and unacceptable. "Keeping Aung San Suu Kyi under arrest under fabricated reasons violates her fundamental freedoms, and does not serve the proclaimed national interest either," he told the BBC. UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown said he was "saddened and angry" by the verdict in what he called a "sham" trial. In a strongly-worded statement, he condemned the "purely political sentence". A statement from the office of Nicolas Sarkozy said the French president was calling on the European Union to impose new sanctions on Burma. US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Aung San Suu Kyi should not have been tried or convicted. She also called for the release of Mr Yettaw and "more than 2,000 political prisoners". "The Burmese junta should immediately end its repression of so many in this country, start a dialogue with the opposition and the ethnic groups. "Otherwise the elections they have scheduled for next year will have absolutely no legitimacy," she said. Asian response Mrs Suu Kyi's previous period of house arrest expired on 27 May. This new term will mean she is still in detention during the polls, which are expected to take place in about May 2010. Her party, the National League for Democracy, won the last elections in 1990 but was never allowed to take power. In Asia, the governments of Indonesia and the Philippines have been outspoken in condemning the sentence. But, says the BBC's Jill McGivering, it is notable that two of Burma's biggest trading partners and allies - India and China - have avoided public comment on the trial. India and China, with Thailand, have been accused by critics of propping up the military government, especially in recent years as growing economic sanctions have strangled its trade relationship with the West. Canada calls Aung San Suu Kyi's house arrest 'vindictive' (AFP) OTTAWA — Canada's prime minister Tuesday "strongly condemned" a further 18-months of house arrest handed to Myanmar's democracy icon Aung San Suu Kyi, saying it is "unwarranted, unjustified, and vindictive." "Canada strongly condemns the Burmese regime's decision to sentence Aung San Suu Kyi to a further 18 months house arrest," Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said in a statement. Canada refers to Myanmar by its former name, Burma. "This decision is clearly not in accordance with the rule of law: the charges laid against her were baseless and her trial did not come close to meeting international standards of due process. "Her continued detention is unwarranted, unjustified, and vindictive," he said. A Myanmar court convicted the 64-year-old opposition leader of breaching the terms of her detention by the ruling military junta, following a bizarre incident in which an American man swam uninvited to her home. Judges sentenced Suu Kyi to three years of hard labor and imprisonment, but military ruler Than Shwe signed a special order commuting the sentence and ordering her to serve out a year-and-a-half under house arrest. Suu Kyi has been kept in detention for nearly 14 of the past 20 years, since the military regime refused to recognize her National League for Democracy's landslide victory in elections in 1990. Harper accused Myanmar's ruling generals of having "manufactured an excuse to keep Aung San Suu Kyi in detention to ensure she will not be able to participate in the proposed 2010 elections." "Canada calls for the regime to unconditionally free all political prisoners and allow all citizens, including opposition groups, to freely participate in the electoral process," he said. Last year, Canada made Suu Kyi an honorary citizen in recognition of her "long and courageous struggle to promote freedom and democracy" in her homeland. EU President Statement Declaration by the Presidency on behalf of the European Union on the verdict against Daw Aung San Suu Kyi The European Union condemns the verdict against Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, leader of the National League for Democracy and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate, and the unjustified trial against her. The proceedings against Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, on charges which were brought twenty years after she was first wrongfully arrested, have been in breach of national and international law. The EU urges the authorities to immediately and unconditionally release her. The authorities of Burma/Myanmar have chosen to ignore the protests over her arrest and the appeals for her release. These have come from a larger number of States and organisations than ever before, led by the UN Secretary-General, and including the Chair and several Member States of ASEAN, of which Burma/Myanmar is a member. The EU will respond with additional targeted measures against those responsible for the verdict. In addition, the EU will further reinforce its restrictive measures targeting the regime of Burma/Myanmar, including its economic interests. The EU underlines its readiness to revise, amend or reinforce its measures in light of the developments in Burma/Myanmar. The EU will intensify its work with the international community, and especially with its partners in Asia, to achieve our common aim of obtaining the immediate and unconditional release of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and all other political prisoners in Burma/Myanmar. This is an essential first step in the process of genuine national reconciliation that is needed if the elections in 2010 are to be seen as credible, free and fair, as was also stressed by the UN Secretary-General during his mission to Burma/Myanmar on 3-4 July. The EU urges the authorities of Burma/Myanmar to comply with the Secretary General's demands and to cooperate with the UN and the international community. If the authorities decide to take such steps, the EU stands ready to respond positively. The EU recalls its strong and unwavering commitment to support and sustain the people of Burma/Myanmar. The EU provides the people with substantial humanitarian assistance and stands ready to increase its support further. Paris – August 11th 2009 : The International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH), Burma Lawyer Council (BLC) and The Alternative ASEAN Network on Burma (Altsean-Burma) express their outrage regarding the condemnation of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi by the Insein prison court in Rangoon to 18 months house arrest. “This shocking verdict illustrates once more the Burmese junta's total disregard for its international human rights obligations and shows the real face of the regime. With the main opposition leader and 2,100 political prisoners behind bars, the elections planned by the regime for next year will be nothing but a mockery”, said Aung Htoo, General Secretary of BLC. In an advocacy note released today, FIDH, BLC and Altsean-Burma demonstrate that the widespread and systematic violations of international human rights and humanitarian law documented by numerous Burmese, regional and international NGOs and UN mechanisms over the past years amount to crimes against humanity and war crimes. FIDH, BLC and Altsean-Burma therefore call for the establishment of a Commission of Inquiry by the UN Security Council. “The condemnation of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi is not an isolated act of repression : it is taking place in a context where crimes against humanity and war crimes have been perpetrated for decades in Eastern Burma together with other grave human rights violations in the rest of the country. The international community must move immediately to stop this inhumanity : the appointment of a Commission of Inquiry by the Security Council is the first step for any process of justice to be initiated”, concluded Souhayr Belhassen, President of FIDH. “The ongoing atrocities in Burma increase the urgency for a Commission of Inquiry. Even now, men, women and children continue to be subjected to extreme and systematic forms of violence and murder. The world should not allow this to go on”, emphasized Debbie Stothard, Coordinator of Altsean-Burma. The Report entitled “Burma: An International Commission of Inquiry more urgent than ever”, can be downloaded at http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/bu08.pdf Press contacts Gael Grilhot, FIDH Press Office : + 33 1 43 55 90 19 Debbie Stothard, Coordinator of Altsean-Burma : +668 1686 1652 Aung Htoo, General Secretary of BLC: + 46 70 866 4159 Gordon Brown statement on Aung San Suu Kyi The Prime Minister has released a statement following the news that Aung San Suu Kyi will spend 1.5 further years under house arrest in Burma. I am both saddened and angry at the verdict today, 11 August , following the sham trial of Aung San Suu Kyi. The news - that she has been found guilty and sentenced to three years hard labour but that this has been “mitigated” to a suspended sentence of 1.5 years under house arrest - is further proof that the military regime in Burma is determined to act with total disregard for accepted standards of the rule of law and in defiance of international opinion. This is a purely political sentence designed to prevent her from taking part in the regime’s planned elections next year. So long as Aung San Suu Kyi and all those political opponents imprisoned in Burma remain in detention and are prevented from playing their full part in the political process, the planned elections in 2010 will have no credibility or legitimacy. The façade of her prosecution is made more monstrous because its real objective is to sever her bond with the people for whom she is a beacon of hope and resistance. I have always made clear that the United Kingdom would respond positively to any signs of progress on democratic reform in Burma. But with the generals explicitly rejecting that course today, the international community must take action. The EU has agreed to impose tough new sanctions targeting the economic interests of the regime. I also believe that the UN Security Council - whose will has been flouted - must also now respond resolutely and impose a worldiwide ban on the sale of arms to the regime. My thoughts today are with Aung San Suu Kyi - the human face of Burma’s tragedy - and with the people of Burma who suffer on a daily basis. Suu Kyi Convicted – Time For Global Arms Embargo Against Burma BCUK The Burma Campaign UK today strongly condemned the Burmese military dictatorship for continuing to detain Burma’s democracy leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, and called on the United Nations Security Council to impose a global arms embargo against Burma. Aung San Suu Kyi was found guilty of breaking the terms of her house arrest after an American man, John Yettaw, swam to her house and refused to leave. As the Burma Campaign UK predicted, Aung San Suu Kyi was not given the maximum 5 year prison sentence, but instead will serve 18 months under house arrest. The regime will try to present this as leniency in order to avoid international sanctions. This period of detention keeps Aung San Suu Kyi in detention during rigged elections due in 2010. The elections bring in a new constitution which is designed to legalise military rule. “The dictatorship is directly defying the United Nations Security Council,” said Zoya Phan, International Coordinator at Burma Campaign UK. “It is time the generals faced consequences for their actions, a global arms embargo should be imposed immediately.” On May 22nd the Security Council issued a statement – its third – calling on the regime to enter into genuine dialogue with Aung San Suu Kyi and ethnic groups. Instead they have continued to detain her, along with more than 2,100 political prisoners. The dictatorship is determined to silence all pro-democracy voices in the country in the run up to rigged elections next year. The elections bring in a new constitution that enshrines military rule, and grants no new freedoms or human rights. Instead, a rubber stamp Parliament will do the government’s bidding. Aung San Suu Kyi has been in detention for more than 13 of the past 19 years. The United Nations has ruled that her detention is illegal under international law and Burmese law. According to the dictatorship, her current period of detention was due to expire on 27th May. She was put on trial on 18th May for breaking the conditions of her house arrest after an American man swam to her home and refused to leave. “There was an outcry when the trial started, now those fine words must now be turned into practical action,” said Zoya Phan. “The soft diplomacy of the UN and Asian countries has failed. A global arms embargo is the most effective way of showing this military dictatorship that it can no longer defy the international community.” The Burma Campaign UK is also calling on the United Nations to establish a Commission of Inquiry into crimes against humanity and war crimes being committed by the dictatorship in Burma. For more information contact Zoya Phan on 07738630139, or Mark Farmaner, Director of Burma Campaign UK, on 07941239640. Nobel Laureates Call for Action on Burma: A UN Security Council Commission of Inquiry (Ottawa). The UN Security Council must take strong action on Burma and issue an investigation into war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by the Burmese military regime. This was the message sent by 14 Nobel Laureates—including The Dalai Lama, Shirin Ebadi, Jody Williams, Mairead Maguire, Presidents Mikhail Gorbachev and Kim Dae-jung and Archbishop Desmond Tutu in an open letter to the Security Council. The letter was released today in response to the guilty verdict of Burma’s democratically elected leader, Aung San Suu Kyi. “This illegal verdict is just one more instance of the junta’s contempt for justice, security, and democracy for the Burmese people,” said Nobel Laureate Jody Williams. “The brutality and lawlessness of this regime can no longer be ignored. It is within the realm of the Security Council to address the crimes against the people of Burma, and the time to act is now.” Nobel Peace Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi was convicted today by the Burmese military junta, and sentenced to 18 more months of house arrest. The junta says Suu Kyi violated her house arrest in May when she offered temporary shelter to an American man, John William Yettaw, who swam to her lakeside home. Her supporters say the move is meant to keep her confined so she cannot participate in the general elections scheduled for 2010. The UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detentions (UNWGAD), an arm of the UN Human Rights Council, has ruled the arrest and detention of Suu Kyi illegal, stating that, "The latest renewal (2008) of the order to place Ms. Suu Kyi under house arrest not solely violates international law but also national domestic laws of Myanmar.” While she is the country’s most prominent political prisoner, Aung San Suu Kyi is not alone. Over 2100 democracy activists are presently in Burmese prisons. In the meantime, the Burmese military continues its attacks on the people of Burma. In June, the Burmese military dropped mortar shells onto an internally displaced persons camp, causing over 5,000 villagers to flee for their lives. Experts have documented hundreds of cases of crimes against humanity in Burma over the last 15 years, including the rape of hundreds of women. The Laureates’ open letter states that the crimes against the Burmese people and the full extent of the brutality of the regime must be investigated and must not be tolerated any longer. It calls on the UN Security Council to pass a resolution creating a Commission of Inquiry into war crimes and crimes against humanity in Burma, and to end the impunity of the Burmese military. “The people of Burma have suffered unimaginable human rights abuses at the hands of dictators. Aung San Suu Kyi’s latest conviction is the final straw,” says Nobel Laureate Mairead Maguire. “The time has come for the international community to unite, and stand together in peaceful opposition to the actions of the military junta. The UN Security Council needs to act immediately to send the message that this kind of brutal oppression will not be tolerated, and hold the regime accountable.” Burma Court Finds Aung San Suu Kyi Guilty

Unfinished Business of Six-Day War

Kum 1948 khan Britist kaihruaina leh UN rorelna chuan Palestine ram chu state pahnihin a thenhrang a, state pakhatah chuan Hitler-a hun laia Juda mi maktaduai 6-te an awm a, a dang state-ah chuan Palestine Arab mite an awm bawk a ni. Arab ram tam zawkte chuan UN rorel dan chu an duh lova, Israel-in zalenna a puan tum pawh khan Israel leh Arab tangrual sipaite chu nasa takin an indo va, chu indona chu The War of Independence tia koh a ni a, Arabic tawng erawh chuan AL Naqba tia koh a ni thung. Israel-in independence a puan tum khan Israel leh Arab-te chu nasa takin an indo a, Arab-ho an tlawm tak avangin mi tam tak chu chhak leh thlang chhim leh hmarah an tlanchhia a, an In leh Lo te pawh ui em em chungin an tlansan vek a ni. Indonaa Arab-ho an tlawm ta chu zahthlak an tiin an thin a na hle a. Arabs ramte chuan nikhat khata Israel chunga phuba lak chu an tum lian ber a ni. Chu rilru avang chuan Arab hruaitute leh lalte pawh an awm hle hle thei lova, enganga phuba lak tur nge ni ang tih chu an thupui ber a lo ni ta a ni. Heng dinhmun atang hian politic lama inlungrualna leh tanho dante ngaihtuahin a hnuah chuan Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) tih chu Aigupta President Gamal Abdel Nasser-a kaltlangin a lo piang ta a, Ahmad Shukeirei-a chu an hruaitu atan an thlang nghal bawk a ni. Aigupta President Nasser-a chuan Soviet hruaitute nena inlaichinna tha zawk siamin Soviet atanga tanpuina sum tam tak a dawng a, ral thuam pawh Soviet-in tam tak a pe bawk a ni. Hetianga hmathatna a neih avang hian Arab hruaitute pawh chawkphurin kum 1948-a an hmingchhiatna chu thai bo va, Israel chunga phuba lak chu tumin kum 1967 tantirh khan indona an buaisaih tan ta a. Nasser-a chuan Soviet chauh rinchhan lovin Syria President Hafez al-Assad-a leh Jordan lal Hussain-a te pawh lamtang atana sawmin Israel ram ri chu a bei tan ta a. Indo tura Arab lam an chhet hmasat avangin Israel pawh a awm hle hle thei ta bik lova, Israel pa ber David Ben Gurion-a aiawihtu Labour Party-a Prime Minister Levi Eshkol-a pawhin 1967 May thla atang khan indo a nih tur thu chu Israel mipuite hnenah radio atangin a puang ta a. Israel sipaite an zam mai lohna turin Moshe Dayan-a chu Defence Minister atan rang takin a ruat nghal bawk a, indo tur chuan an inbuatsaih mup mup ta a ni. Aigupta President Nasser-a pawh chuan indo chu pumpelh theih a ni tawh lo tih a hriatchian avangin May 16 khan Britist-France-Israeli ten kum 1956-a an lak Suez Canal-a UN sipai awmte pawh inthiarfihlim vek turin UN hruaitute a ngen a. May 22 khan Israel ten an lawngpui kalkawng atana an hman hmunpui ber Strait of Tiran leh Tuipuisen (The Red Sea) chhak lamte pawh a khar vek nghal a, chu hmunah chuan a sipai nuaikhat, indona motor 1000 leh indona tanks 1000 a chhawp bawk a, May thla tawp chiah khan, “ Arab ramten indo kan hman ta e,” tiin a puang ta a ni. 1967 June 5 khan indo chu tan a ni ta a. Zing lam dar 7 chiah khan Isarel chu a chhe hmasa ta a ni. Israel-in a hmasa bera a tih chu Aigupta thlawhnakirawn (Egypt airfield) boom chhiat vek a ni a, a dawtah chuan an lawng chawlhhmun pawimawh zawng zawng tihchhiah vek a ni. Chhak lam atanga Aigupta tanpui tura lo kal Jordan siapite leh Golan Heights hmuna Syriaan sipaite pawh chawp leh chilhin Israel chuan a lo bei a, Ni rei lo te ah chuan Palestine rama Gaza Strip leh West Bank te a la a, Syria ram ri a Golan Heights te, East Jerusalem te leh Sinai Peninsula te pawh a la bawk a, an airfield-te leh lawngchawlh hmunte a chhiat vek tak avangin June 10 khan Arab-ho chu an tlawm ta der a ni. Israel-in Ni rei lo te a Arab tangrualte a hneh ta chu khawvelin mak a ti a, mi tam tak chuan Israel CIA-te hnathawh dan leh an indo dante (strategy) te chu an chakna ber niin an sawi a ni. Israel-in Sinai Peninsula a lak chu Israel leh Aigupta-ten kum 1979-a remna thuthlung (Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty) an siam tak avangin Israel chuan Aigupta a pekir leh ta a, West Bank erawh chu Israel sipaite kuthnuaiah a awm thung a ni. Indo a zawh fel hnu chuan kum 19 meuh thenhrana lo awm tawh Judaho hmun thianghlim ber Jerusalem khawipui chu Israelte kutah a awm ta a, an hnam histawria hmun pawimawh em em West Bank pawh tunah chuan Israel-te kuthnuaiah a awm fai ta vek a. Israel chuan Mipui Inawp Dan (Civilian Law) khauh takin a siam nghal a, Golan Heights leh East Jeruslem-a cheng Arab-ten Israel khua leh tui nihna (citizenship) an dil chuan Israel paw’n phal taka pe turin kawng zau takin a hawng nghal bawk a ni. Hetianga Israel-in chawplehchilha mipui inawp dan a siam avang hian UN Security Council chuan Israel a dem nasa hle a. UN Security Council chuan Golan Heights leh East Jerusalem-te chu tuma luahtheih loh ram (“null” and “void”) tiin a dah a, hemi hmuna cheng reng rengte chu dan lo anga ram luahtu (occupied) tiin a puk bawk a ni. Israel leh Arabs te inkara remna a awm beiseiin UN Security Council chuan Danpui 242-ah, “Land for Peace” tiin dan a siam a, Israel ten dan lo anga an luah ramte pawh chhuahsan turin UN Security Council chuan Israel hnenah thu a pe a, mahse vawin thleng hian Israel chuan UN Dan siam chu a zawh duh chuang lo a ni. Indonaa an lak West Bank-a hmun khuar turin Labour Party sawrkar chuan rang takin thutlukna a siam ta a. West Bank hi kum 1948 khan Jordan kuthnuaiah a awm a, mahse chu chu Britain chauhvin a pawmpui avangin PLO kutah a hlan leh vat a. West Bank-a awmte chu Arab, Palestine mite leh kum 1948 Arab-Israel indo tuma refugee-te an ni deuh ber. Kum 1967 Niruk Indona hnuah erawh chuan West Bank chu Israel sipaiten an awp ta a, kum 1993 thleng khan Israel sipaite enkawlna hnuaiah a awm a ni. Israel ten PLO atanga ngenna lehkha an lo pawmpui hnu erawh chuan Palestine mipui tamna khuate erawh chu Israel-in Palestine Authority (PA) te kutah thuneihna leh rorelna a hlan ta a, Israel sipaite chuan hmun tlem chuah an awp ta a ni. Palestine helhoten Israel an beih thin avangin Israel pawhin a sipai tam tak a dah belh zel bawk a, tunah hian Israel leh West Bank inthenna kulh bang sang tak an siam mek a ni. Gaza Strip erawh chu Aigupta nena ram ri a ni thung a, kum 1948 atanga 1967 thleng khan Aigupta kuthnuiah a awm a, kum 1967 atanga 2005 thleng khan Israel siapite kuthnuaaiah a awm bawk a. Kum 2005 khan Israel chuan Israel’s Unilateral Disengagement Plan dan a siam a, chu dan avang chuan Israel-in Gaza hmuna mipuite leh a sipai zawng zawngte a sawn vek a, mahse Gaza airspace leh lawng luh/chhuahna tuipuite erawh Israel kuthnuaiah a awm vek tho a ni. Gaza ram ri chungchangah Israel, European Unions (EU), Palestine Authority (PA), te leh Aigupta ten inremna thuthlung an siam a, EU chuan englai pawhin a enthla reng a ni. Kum 2006 June thla khan Hamas Movement ten hnenna an rawn chan tak avangin ram ri chuangchangah buaina nasa tak a chhuah leh a, Israel leh EU ten Hamas Movement an pawmpui loh avangin EU ten Israel kaltlanga kumtin tanpuina sum an pek thinte pawh Israel-in a chelhbet hmiah a, khawnvartui, gas leh electric a pek thinte pawh Israel-in a titawp hmiah bawk a, ram ri kaltlangnate lama a khar vek avangin Palestine refugee-te pawh nitin an pung zel a ni. Arab-ho thinrim chuan Khartoum-a Arab hruaitute rorelnaah Israel nena inremna thuthlung siam lo turin thu pawhchatna an siam ve nghal ta a. Khartoum rorela an dan siam pawimawh em em te chu:- 1) Israel ram din a nih thu pawmpui loh 2) Israel nena inremna thuthlung siam loh 3) Israel nena inbiak loh te an ni. Israel-in Arab leilunga a ram a din avangin heng leilungte hi Arab-te hnena a pekkkir leh hma chuan Israel-in buiana rapthlak tak a hmachhawn zel dawn a ni tih chu Israel pa ber David Ben Gurion-a pawh khan a lo hmu lawk sa vek a, a hnua Prime Minister hna rawn chelh leh tur Ariel Sharon-a te, Ehud Barak-a te leh Ehud Olmert-a te paw’n heng buiana hi an pumpelh dawn lo tih pawh a lo hmutlang sa vek a ni. Israel-in a chakna hmanga a ram dinin hnehna la mah se la, thlirtu tam takte thinlunga zawhna lian tak chu, “Israel-te hnehna hian Israel leh Arab-ho inkarah remna a thlen tak tak thei ang em?” tih hi a ni. Israel-in Arab leilung chunga a ram a din avangin vawiin thleng hian Israel leh Arab-te inkarah remna tak tak a la awm thei chuang lova, Israel-ten an ram an din avanga lawmna mittui nen hnehna hla mawi an rem laiin an ram chhuhsak Palestine mipuite erawh lungngaihna mittui nen an kun tlawk tlawk thung a ni. Israel-in hetianga Palestine mipuite mittui tlakna a siam avang hian Israel ngei pawhin vawin thleng hian buaina leh harsatna a tawk mek zel a, kum 1987-ah indona a thleng a, kum 1990s-ah Israel hmun hrang hrangah boom a puak bawk a, kum 2000-a Camp David rorelna pawh khan kum 2008-a buiana tihtawp an tum target chu an thleng thei ta chuang lo a ni. Israel leh Palestian-te inkara buaina chu vawiin thlenga khawvel hruiatute tiluhaitu ber a la ni a, inremna tura thusawihote pawh vawi tam tak an hmang tawh a, mahse vawiin thleng hian inremna chu an la nei thei chuang lo a ni. Israel leh Palestine-te buaina bul ber chu engnge ni ta a, enganga thulai rem tur nge ni ta ang tih pawh UN hruaitute leh histawrian mithiamten vawi duai lo an ngaihtuah tawh a. Middle East chanchin chhuitute leh thlirtu tam takte chuan Israel leh Palestine-te inkara buaina bul ber nia an hmuh chu kum 40 chuang liam ta a an buaina bawk kha a ni a, he thubuai chinfel a nih hma chu vawiina Middle East buaina pawh hi chinfel theih a ni dawn lo tih chu an thutlukna a ni. Noble Peace Prize dawngtu (Israel mi) Elie Wiesel-a pawh khan, “Israel leh Palestian-ten kan ram kan din ve ve a, lungrual taka kan khawsak theih phawt chuan chu chu kan inkara buaina sukiangtu tur a ni dawn tih chu Israel leh Palestine-te hian kan hrechiang ve ve a ni, tiin a hriatrengna lehkhabuah a ziak a ni.